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Physical characterization of southern massive star‐forming regions using Parkes NH3 observations

Identifieur interne : 007213 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 007212; suivant : 007214

Physical characterization of southern massive star‐forming regions using Parkes NH3 observations

Auteurs : T. Hill [Royaume-Uni] ; S. N. Longmore [États-Unis] ; C. Pinte ; M. R. Cunningham [Australie] ; M. G. Burton [Australie] ; V. Minier [France]

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:9E9A54280DA8865532DC0DECEC4812D3BCB37DA7

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

We have undertaken a Parkes ammonia spectral line study, in the lowest two inversion transitions, of southern massive star formation regions, including young massive candidate protostars, with the aim of characterizing the earliest stages of massive star formation. 138 sources from the submillimetre continuum emission studies of Hill et al. were found to have robust (1,1) detections, including two sources with two velocity components, and 102 in the (2,2) transition. We determine the ammonia line properties of the sources: linewidth, flux density, kinetic temperature, NH3 column density and opacity, and revisit our spectral energy distribution modelling procedure to derive the mass for 52 of the sources. By combining the continuum emission information with ammonia observations we substantially constrain the physical properties of the high‐mass clumps. There is clear complementarity between ammonia and continuum observations for derivations of physical parameters. The MM‐only class, identified in the continuum studies of Hill et al., displays smaller sizes, mass and velocity dispersion and/or turbulence than star‐forming clumps, suggesting a quiescent prestellar stage and/or the formation of less massive stars.

Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.16101.x


Affiliations:


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Le document en format XML

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<term>Ammonia observations</term>
<term>Ammonia transitions</term>
<term>Arizona press</term>
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<term>Null hypothesis</term>
<term>Online version</term>
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<term>Optical depth</term>
<term>Optical depths</term>
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<term>Parameter determinations</term>
<term>Parameter space</term>
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<term>Robust detections</term>
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<term>Source mass</term>
<term>Source parameters</term>
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<term>Ammonia</term>
<term>Ammonia data</term>
<term>Ammonia observations</term>
<term>Ammonia transitions</term>
<term>Arizona press</term>
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<term>Australia telescope</term>
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<term>Baseline variations</term>
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<term>Bayesian inference</term>
<term>Bayesian inference method</term>
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<term>Blue line</term>
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<term>Column density</term>
<term>Constraint</term>
<term>Continuum</term>
<term>Continuum mass</term>
<term>Continuum observations</term>
<term>Cumulative distribution</term>
<term>Cumulative distribution plot</term>
<term>Cumulative distribution plots</term>
<term>Cumulative distributions</term>
<term>Cumulative fraction</term>
<term>Detection rates</term>
<term>Different classes</term>
<term>Dust emission</term>
<term>Dust temperature</term>
<term>Dust temperatures</term>
<term>Earliest stages</term>
<term>Error bars</term>
<term>Evolutionary status</term>
<term>Excellent agreement</term>
<term>Excellent candidates</term>
<term>Flux density</term>
<term>Form stars</term>
<term>Free parameters</term>
<term>Gain elevation correction</term>
<term>Galactic centre</term>
<term>Good constraints</term>
<term>Individual classes</term>
<term>Individual sources</term>
<term>Inversion transitions</term>
<term>Irdcs</term>
<term>Journal compilation</term>
<term>Kinetic temperature</term>
<term>Kinetic temperatures</term>
<term>Larger error bars</term>
<term>Line observations</term>
<term>Line study</term>
<term>Linewidth</term>
<term>Linewidths</term>
<term>Little distinction</term>
<term>Longmore</term>
<term>Lower limit</term>
<term>Luminosity</term>
<term>Main flux</term>
<term>Maser</term>
<term>Maser sources</term>
<term>Mass stars</term>
<term>Massive regions</term>
<term>Massive regions table</term>
<term>Massive star</term>
<term>Massive star birth</term>
<term>Massive star formation</term>
<term>Massive stars</term>
<term>Maximum mass</term>
<term>Median</term>
<term>Median value</term>
<term>Menten</term>
<term>Methanol</term>
<term>Methanol maser</term>
<term>Methanol maser associations</term>
<term>Methanol maser radio continuum association</term>
<term>Millimetre</term>
<term>Millimetre continuum</term>
<term>Millimetre continuum sources</term>
<term>Minier</term>
<term>Mmonly sources</term>
<term>Mnras</term>
<term>Modelled</term>
<term>Modelling</term>
<term>Nnh3</term>
<term>Null hypothesis</term>
<term>Online version</term>
<term>Optical depth</term>
<term>Optical depths</term>
<term>Other classes</term>
<term>Other half</term>
<term>Parameter</term>
<term>Parameter determinations</term>
<term>Parameter space</term>
<term>Parkes</term>
<term>Parkes ammonia</term>
<term>Parkes telescope</term>
<term>Physical parameters</term>
<term>Physical properties</term>
<term>Pillai</term>
<term>Probability curve</term>
<term>Probability curves</term>
<term>Probability distributions</term>
<term>Protostars</term>
<term>Protostellar objects</term>
<term>Radio continuum associations</term>
<term>Radio continuum source</term>
<term>Resolution observations</term>
<term>Rest velocity</term>
<term>Right ascension</term>
<term>Right ascension order</term>
<term>Robust</term>
<term>Robust detections</term>
<term>Rotational temperature</term>
<term>Same population</term>
<term>Sample ranges</term>
<term>Schnee sargent</term>
<term>Simba</term>
<term>Simba sample</term>
<term>Simba sources</term>
<term>Small number</term>
<term>Smaller linewidths</term>
<term>Source class</term>
<term>Source declination</term>
<term>Source mass</term>
<term>Source parameters</term>
<term>Source temperature</term>
<term>Sridharan</term>
<term>Standard deviation</term>
<term>Star formation</term>
<term>Star formation activity</term>
<term>Star formation sample</term>
<term>Starless</term>
<term>Starless cores</term>
<term>Thin emission</term>
<term>Total column density</term>
<term>Tting</term>
<term>Upper limit</term>
<term>Upper limits</term>
<term>Velocity components</term>
<term>Virial</term>
<term>Virial mass</term>
<term>Virial parameter</term>
<term>Walmsley</term>
<term>Whilst</term>
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<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">We have undertaken a Parkes ammonia spectral line study, in the lowest two inversion transitions, of southern massive star formation regions, including young massive candidate protostars, with the aim of characterizing the earliest stages of massive star formation. 138 sources from the submillimetre continuum emission studies of Hill et al. were found to have robust (1,1) detections, including two sources with two velocity components, and 102 in the (2,2) transition. We determine the ammonia line properties of the sources: linewidth, flux density, kinetic temperature, NH3 column density and opacity, and revisit our spectral energy distribution modelling procedure to derive the mass for 52 of the sources. By combining the continuum emission information with ammonia observations we substantially constrain the physical properties of the high‐mass clumps. There is clear complementarity between ammonia and continuum observations for derivations of physical parameters. The MM‐only class, identified in the continuum studies of Hill et al., displays smaller sizes, mass and velocity dispersion and/or turbulence than star‐forming clumps, suggesting a quiescent prestellar stage and/or the formation of less massive stars.</div>
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